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공식 설명 · 원문
When trying to require() an ES Module, a CommonJS to ESM or ESM to CommonJS edge participates in an immediate cycle. This is not allowed because ES Modules cannot be evaluated while they are already being evaluated.
To avoid the cycle, the require() call involved in a cycle should not happen at the top-level of either an ES Module (via createRequire()) or a CommonJS module, and should be done lazily in an inner function.